Scientific Name:
Abies grandis
Pronunciation:
AY-beez GRAN-diss
Common Name:
grand fir
Family Name:
Pinaceae
Plant Type:
Conifer
Key ID Features:
Leaves 2-ranked, flexible, flat, linear, (2-)3-6cm long x 1.5-2.5 wide, lengths vary along branch or with distinct long and short needles intermixed like a comb, grooved midrib with 5-7 stomatal rows on undersurface on each side of midrib, apex distinctly notched (rarely rounded); seed cones erect, cylindric, 5-7(-12)cm long x 3-3.5cm wide, light green, dark blue, deep purple, or gray-brown, sessile, apex rounded; scales 2-2.5 x 2-2.5cm, densely pubescent; bracts do not protrude; seeds light brown, 6-8mm long x 3-4mm wide with wing 9-12mm long; seedlings with (4)5-6(7) cotyledons. Conifers.org
Habit:
Upright
Form:
Columnar, Pyramidal - narrowly
Texture:
Medium
Mature Height:
> 30m
Mature Spread:
10 - 15m
Growth Rate:
Fast
Origin:
B.C. east of Cascades, B.C. west of Cascades, U.S. - northwest
Hardiness Rating:
Zone 6: (-23 to -18 °C)
Exposure:
Full sun, Filtered shade
Soil/Growing Medium:
Well-drained
Water Use:
Low
Landscape Uses:
Forestry, Specimen plant
Additional Info:
Leaf Morphology:
Form:
Needle-like
Arrangement:
Alternate
Texture/Venation:
Soft flexible
Surfaces:
Glabrous, Lustrous, Distinctive smell
Colour in Summer:
Dark-green, 2 white lines of stomata below
Shapes:
Linear
Apices:
Emarginate or retuse
Bases:
Attenuate
Margins:
Entire
Inflorescence Type:
Flower Morphology:
Monoecious plant
Colour (petals):
No flowers, Brown
Flower Time at Peak:
Mar, Apr
Fruit Type:
Cone (winged seeds)
Fruit Colour:
Green, Brown
Fruiting Time:
Sep, Oct
Additional Info:
Cylindrical, erect in crown, fall apart
Bark Morphology:
Moderately fissured
Bark or Stem Colour:
Grey
Additional Info:
Thin, resin blisters
Organ Modifications:
Ectomycorrhizae
Propagation:
Seed
Pest Susceptibility:
Beetles or weevils, Caterpillar or cutworm, Diptera - true flies, Mistletoe, Root rot
Course(s):
- HORT 1155
Location(s):
- (NRY) NuRserY
- (TFL) Turf Field Lab
- (TFLN) Turf Field Lab North
- (WDH) Wark-Dumais House